The first five years in school: Here’s why they matter more than you think

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The early years of school often pass by in a blur of tiny uniforms, lunchboxes, and morning chaos.

For many, it’s a phase filled with adorable drawings, learning ABCs, and forming the first friendships.

These foundational years in school quietly set the tone for a lifetime of learning, social interaction, and emotional resilience.

The science behind it might surprise many. Here’s what happens during these first five years, and why they hold more weight than most give them credit for.

1. Not just learning letters, but wiring the brain

It is often believed that preschool and early primary classes are simply about learning numbers, shapes, and basic vocabulary. That’s only the surface. What’s really happening is a massive neurological buildout. According to Harvard University’s Center on the Developing Child, more than 1 million new neural connections form every second in a young child’s brain during early childhood. These early experiences, especially structured ones like school, help decide which of these connections get strengthened and which ones fade away. Structured schooling doesn’t just teach facts. It teaches how to think, how to wait for a turn, how to listen, how to question, and how to collaborate. These are the true lessons that help build lifelong cognitive and social abilities.

2. Emotional muscles begin to strengthen

“Kids are too young to understand emotions or build social intelligence in early school.” These early school years are when emotional regulation begins to truly take root. Inside classrooms, children face real challenges, like handling disagreements with classmates or adapting to routine and authority. Each of these is a small but powerful emotional exercise. Researchers from Yale University’s Child Study Centre found that social-emotional learning (SEL) programs in early education significantly improved emotional understanding and even reduced behavioural issues. Children who get the chance to regularly express and manage emotions in a safe, consistent school environment are more likely to develop empathy, confidence, and resilience as they grow.

3. Language skills today, communication power tomorrow

There’s often an assumption that real language mastery begins once children can read and write fluently. But the groundwork begins much earlier, and it’s more critical than it seems. In these early years, exposure to structured storytelling, classroom discussions, and group reading sessions helps strengthen something deeper than vocabulary: the ability to make sense of the world. A study revealed that children who had access to rich early language environments showed faster and more efficient brain responses when processing language. These early language skills have been linked to better critical thinking, stronger memory, and even improved mental health in later years.

4. Patterns of confidence begin early

There’s a common belief that self-confidence naturally comes with age. But the early years of schooling quietly lay down this foundation, sometimes for life.When small wins are celebrated, like correctly writing a name or tying shoelaces without help, the child’s internal belief system starts to form. This belief often becomes the inner voice that echoes during tougher academic years ahead.Early positive school experiences directly influenced how children perceived their own competence well into adolescence. What’s truly touching is how even a small word of encouragement or a teacher’s supportive gesture during these years can become a cherished memory that fuels inner strength later on.

5. School becomes the first window to the larger world

Home teaches love and values, but school introduces the first idea of community. In these first five years, school becomes the place where children learn that the world is made up of people who are different, yet worthy of respect. From group projects to art class discussions, each interaction opens up the worldview, helping children understand fairness, teamwork, diversity, and rules.Inclusive and stimulating early education settings significantly improve tolerance, reduce biases, and create long-term positive attitudes towards others. This is the beginning of raising kind, open-minded humans who know how to exist not just for themselves, but with others.